帕金斯柴油發動機曲軸總成的標準技術參數3012

General description

一般描述

The crankshaft is made from a forging of chromium

曲軸是用鉻合金鍛造的

molybdenum steel. It is nitrided on all surfaces except

鉬鋼。這是所有表面除氮化

the tapped holes, the hole for the dowel and the end

的螺紋孔，用于定位和端孔

faces at the front and the rear. The correct balance is

前方和后方的面孔。正確的平衡是

obtained when the crankshaft is machined, and there

在曲軸加工時得到的

is no requirement for further compensation when

無需進一步補償的要求

assembled.

組裝。

The 13 bearing s urfaces consist of seven main

13軸承有主要包括七

journals and six crank pins. Each crank pin holds two

期刊和六個曲柄銷。每個曲柄銷有2個

connecting rods.

連接桿。

The crankshafts of engines manufactured up to build

Perkins3012發動機曲軸制造的建立

number 970209 have an oil reservoir in each crank

號970209在每個曲柄有一個油氣藏

pin. Access to clean each reservoir is provided by a

銷。每一個水庫的清潔通道由一個

steel plug (A8) which is retained by a s pring clip (A9).

鋼塞（A8）是由一個彈簧夾保留（A9）。

The crankshafts of engines from build number

從建號Perkins3012發動機曲軸

970209 have an arrangement of passages which

970209有一個通道的安排

removes the requirement for oil reservoirs.

消除對油氣藏的要求。

A helical gear (A1) with 45 teeth is machined around

斜齒輪（A1）45齒加工在

the front end of the crankshaft. The gear drives the

曲軸的前端。齒輪傳動

lubricating oil pump through an idler gear. The face at

潤滑油泵通過一個中間齒輪。面對

the front end is drilled and tapped for 12 equally

前端被鉆，并為12個相同的抽頭

spaced bolts, which retain the vis cous damper and

間隔螺栓，保持粘性阻尼器

the multiple groove pulley for the fan drive belts.

風扇傳動帶的多槽皮帶輪。

The main bearings have steel backs with bearing

主軸承有軸承鋼背

surfaces of lead bronze. The bearing surfaces have

鉛青銅表面。軸承表面有

a fine top lay er of lead indium.

一個精細的鉛銦銦。

The upper half of each bearing has a central groove

每個軸承上一半有一個中央溝

for oil around the inner surface. A hole is drilled in the

內表面的油。鉆了一個洞

centre of the groove and is aligned with a hole in the

槽的中心，并與孔在

crankcase which supplies the oil.

提供機油的曲軸箱。

The lower halves of the bearings do not have

軸承的下半部沒有

grooves.

槽。

One end of each half bearing has a location tag which

每個一半的一端有一個位置標記

is pressed away from one edge. The tags fit in

被壓離一邊。標簽適合于

recesses which are machined in the crankcase and in

凹槽，在曲軸箱和加工

the bearing caps.

軸承蓋。

The thrust washers have steel backs with faces of

止推墊圈有鋼背的

lead bronze. They are made in two halves which are

鉛青銅。他們是在兩半，這是

interchangeable. Each half has a location tag at one

可互換。每個一半有一個位置標記在一個

end. The upper halves are fitted in recesses which

結束。上半場被安裝在凹槽中

are machined in the crankcase on each side of the

被加工在曲軸箱的每一邊

central main journal; the lower halves are fitted in

中央的主要雜志；在下半部

recesses which are machined in the bearing cap.

凹槽，在軸承蓋加工。

Lubricating oil is supplied from the central main

潤滑油是從中央主供應的

bearing across the face of each washer, in which

在每一個洗衣機的臉上，在

grooves are machined to assist the flow of oil.

槽的加工，以協助流動的石油。

Crankshaft

曲軸

To remove

刪除

1 Fit the engine in the build stand, operation 16-1.

1安裝Perkins3012發動機在建站，運行16-1。

2 Remove the fan adaptor and the front mountings,

2拆下風扇接頭和前支架，

operation 21-10.

操作21-10。

3 Remove the flywheel and the flywheel housing,

3拆下飛輪和飛輪殼，

operation 22-4.

操作中可以看到。

4 Remove the timing case and the timing gears,

4拆下定時和定時齒輪，

operation 15-5.

運行5。

5 Remove the lubricating oil sump, operation 19-1 or,

5拆下油池潤滑，運行19-1或，

for new engines, operation 19-5.

新的引擎，運行19-5。

6 For early engines, remove the sump adaptor,

6為早期的Perkins3012發動機，拆卸油底殼適配器，

operation 19-3.

操作19-3。

7 Remove the lubricating oil pump, operation 19-7.

7去除潤滑油泵，手術197。

8 Turn the crankshaft until one of the pistons of ’A’

8把曲軸拐到一個'一個'

bank is at the bottom of its stroke and remove the four

銀行是在它的底部，并刪除四

nuts of the big end bearing. Withdraw the bearing cap

大端軸承螺母。取下軸承蓋

with the bearing. Fit the guide pin, 21825 843, on to

與軸承。安裝導向銷，843 21825

one of the bolts of the big end.

大底的一個螺栓。

9 Push the assembly of the piston and the connecting

9推動活塞與連桿的裝配

rod into its bore to the end of its stroke. Push carefully

桿成孔，以其行程結束。小心推

to prevent damage to the top of the piston and the

為了防止損壞活塞頂部和

valves.

閥門。

10 Similarly, repeat the operation for the remainder of

10類似的，重復的操作，其余的

the assemblies. Move the guide pin as necessary.

組件。必要時將導針移動。

11 Turn the crankcase for acc ess to the big end

11轉ACC ESS的大端曲軸箱

bearings of ’B’ bank. Repeat the operation for the

'乙'銀行軸承。重復該操作

assemblies of pistons and connecting rods, as for ’A’

活塞和連桿組件，如“一”

bank.Loosen all the bolts that retain the main bearing

銀行：松開主軸承的所有螺栓

caps. Release and remove the side bolts.

帽。松開并拆下側螺栓。

12 Remove the bolts from each main bearing cap and

12從各主軸承蓋上拆下螺栓

remov e the caps. If necessary use the slide hammer,

除去瓶蓋。如有必要，使用該滑動錘，

21825 849, with the remover tool, 21825 858, to

849 21825，用卸妝工具，858 21825，到

withdraw each main bearing cap (A3,4,5,9) and its

提取各主軸承蓋（a3,4,5,9）及其

lower half bearing (A1,8). When the central main

下半軸承（a1,8）。當中央主

bearing cap (A3) is removed, remove also the lower

軸承蓋（A3）被刪除，刪除也較低

halves of the thrust washers (A10).

一半的推力墊圈（A10）。

13 Slide the upper halves of the thrust washers (A6)

13滑動的止推墊圈上半部（A6）

from their recesses around the central main journal.

從凹槽圍繞中央的主要期刊。

Use the lift adaptor VP 666 to lift the crankshaft from

使用電梯適配器副總裁666提高曲軸從

the crankcase and put it on wooden vee blocks.

曲軸箱放在木制的V型塊。

Remove the upper halves of the main bearings (A2,7)

拆下主軸承上瓦（a2,7）

from the crankcase and also the upper halv es of the

從曲軸箱和也的上的ES

thrust washers.

止推墊圈。

To fit

適合

1 Check for dirt and debris in the passages for the

1檢查通道內的污垢和碎片

engine lubricating oil of the crankcase, and also of the

Perkins3012發動機潤滑油的曲軸箱，以及

front and the rear main bearing caps (A5,9). Clean

前、后主軸承蓋（a5,9）。清潔

thoroughly the bearing housings and the bearing

徹底的軸承座和軸承

caps, and also the main journals and the crank pins of

帽，以及主要期刊和曲柄銷

the crankshaft.

曲軸。

2 Check also for dirt and debris in the passages of the

2檢查在通道中的污垢和碎片

connecting rods and clean thoroughly the bearing

連接桿和清潔軸承

surfaces of the big ends.

大的末端表面。

3 Ensure that the half bearings and the thrust

3確保半軸承和推力

washers for the main journals of the crankshaft are

曲軸主要期刊的墊圈

absolutely clean, and fit the upper half bearings into

絕對干凈，并配合上半軸承

their housings in the crankcase. Give a full

他們的外殼在曲軸箱。充分

application of clean engine lubricating oil to all of the

潔凈Perkins3012發動機潤滑油在所有的應用

bearing surfaces.

軸承表面。

4 Also, apply clean engine lubricating oil to lubricate

4、應用清潔Perkins3012發動機潤滑油潤滑

fully the main journals of the crankshaft. Use the lifting

曲軸的主要期刊。使用升降

beam VP 666 to lower the crankshaft into the

梁副總裁666降低曲軸到

crankcase (B). Ensure that the 16 tapped holes in the

曲軸箱（乙）。確保16個孔在

end face of the c rankshaft are furthest from the build

該曲軸端面遠的建立

stand, and are at the end of the crankcase to which

站，并在曲軸箱的末端

the timing case is fitted.

安裝時的情況。

5 Apply engine lubricating oil to the upper halves of

5將Perkins3012發動機潤滑油應用于上半部

the thrust washers and insert them into their recesses

止推墊圈和插入的凹槽

on each side of the central main bearing. Ensure that

在中央主軸承的每一面。確保

the face of lead bronze on each washer is toward the

每一個洗衣機上的鉛青銅都是朝著

crankshaft web.

曲軸網。

6 Fit the lower halves of the main bearings into the

6將主軸承的下半部配合成

bearing caps and give a full application of clean

軸承蓋，并提供一個完整的應用程序的清潔

engine lubricating oil to all of the bearing surfaces. Fit

Perkins3012發動機潤滑油對所有軸承表面。適合

all the ass emblies of the bearing caps except the

所有的驢總成軸承蓋的外

bearing cap for the central main bearing. Ensure that

主軸承蓋軸承蓋。確保

the numbers which are stamped on each bearing cap,

每個軸承蓋上蓋的數字，

to give its relationship, match the numbers which are

給它的關系，匹配的數字是

stamped on the crankcase, as shown (A).

在曲軸箱上加蓋，如圖所示（一）。

7 Apply a minimum amount of grease to the recesses

7將少量潤滑脂的深處

at the sides of the bearing cap for the central main

在中央主軸承蓋的兩側

bearing and insert the lower halves of the thrust

軸承和插入的下半部的推力

washers into the recesses. Ensure that the face of

墊圈到深處。確保臉上

lead bronze on each washer is away from the bearing

每個洗衣機上的鉛青銅都是遠離軸承的

cap.

帽。

8 Fit carefully the assembly of the bearing cap for the

8小心裝配軸承蓋的裝配

central main bearing. Ensure that the halves of the

中心主軸承。確保一半的

thrust washers remain in their positions during the

止推墊圈保持在其位置

operation.

操作。

9 Apply engine lubricating oil to the threads, and

9將Perkins3012發動機潤滑油應用于螺紋

under the heads, of the main bolts which retain the

在頭下，主螺栓，保留

main bearing caps. Fit carefully each bolt into its

主軸承蓋。小心地每一個螺栓安裝到它的

location. Do NOT allow the bolts to fall into the holes

位置。不要讓螺栓掉到洞

because the threads could be damaged. Insert fully

因為線程可能會損壞。完全插入

each main bolt by hand only.

每一個主螺栓只手。

Caution: On new engines, the bolts fitted to the front,

警告：在新的Perkins3012發動機上，螺栓安裝在前面，

centre and rear bearing caps, are different and are

中心和后軸承蓋，是不同的，是

fitted with hardened washers. Ensure that the special

配有硬化墊圈。確保特殊

washers are fitted to the bolts before the bolts are

在螺栓前，墊圈安裝在螺栓上

fitted to the engine. Do NOT fit any other type of

裝在Perkins3012發動機上。不適合任何其他類型的

washer.

洗衣機。

Caution: If a new front, centre or rear bearing cap is

警告：如果一個新的前端，中心或后軸承蓋

fitted, do NOT fit the old type of bolts. The new bolts

裝，不適合舊型螺栓。新的螺栓

and special washers MUST be used.

必須使用專用墊圈。

10 Apply engine lubricating oil to the threads, and

10將Perkins3012發動機潤滑油應用于螺紋

under the heads, of the side bolts which hold rigidly

在頭下，用剛性的螺栓

the main bearing caps. Fit the plain washers on the

主軸承蓋。安裝平墊圈在

M16 bolts and the ’Dowty’ sealing washers on the

M16螺栓和“頂”上的密封墊圈

M14 bolts. Insert fully each bolt, by hand, through the

M14螺栓。用手插入完全的每一個螺栓

side walls of the crankcase.

曲軸箱側壁。

11 Check that the faces which are machined on the

11檢查被加工的面

front and the rear of each main bearing cap are

每一個主軸承蓋的前部和后部

aligned with the faces in the crankcase. Tighten

與曲軸箱中的面對齊。擰緊

lightly all of the main bolts and then all of the side

所有的主螺栓，然后所有的側

bolts.

螺栓。

12 Tighten, in the sequence shown in page 86/B, all

12擰緊，在86頁/二頁所示的序列中

the main bolts of the bearing caps by increments of 50

主軸承蓋的螺栓由50的增量

Nm (37 lbf ft) until the maximum torque of 177 Nm

nm（37磅英尺）到177牛米的最大扭矩

(130 lbf ft) is applied. At the end of this phase of the

（130磅英尺）的應用。在這個階段結束

operation, the main bolts of the main bearing caps at

操作時，主軸承蓋的主螺栓

the front, at the c entre and at the rear are tightened

前，在中心和后部緊固

fully.

充分。

Caution: Check frequently that the crankshaft can

警告：經常檢查曲軸

rotate freely while the bolts are tightened.

當螺栓緊固時可自由旋轉。

13 Continue to tighten the bolts - numbers 5 to 12 (B)

13繼續擰緊螺栓-數字5至12（乙）

- for the remainder of the main bearing caps, until the

-對于主軸承蓋的其余部分，直到

maximum torque of 488 Nm (360 lbf ft) is applied.

最大扭矩488牛米（360磅英尺）的應用。

14 Tighten all the side bolts, in alphabetical

14按字母順序擰緊所有螺栓

sequence, until a maximum torque of 114 Nm (85 lbf

序列，直到最大扭矩114牛米（85磅

ft) is applied. At the end of this phase of the operation,

英國金融時報）。在這一階段的操作結束，

the side bolts of the front, central and rear main

前、中、后主側螺栓

bearings are tightened fully.

軸承緊固充分。

15 Continue to tighten the remainder of the side bolts

15繼續擰緊側螺栓的剩余部分

- letters C to J (B) - in alphabetical sequence, until a

•以字母順序排列的字母，直到一

maximum torque of 177 Nm (130 lbf ft) is applied.

最大扭矩177牛米（130磅英尺）的應用。

16 Put a dial test indicator with a magnetic base on

16將一個撥號測試指標與磁性基礎

the end face of the crankcase. Set the button of the

曲軸箱的端面。設置按鈕的

dial test indicator on the end of the crankshaft (A).

曲軸（一）結束時的刻度盤測試指示器。

Use a lever to move the crankshaft backward and

使用杠桿向后移動曲軸

forward against the thrust washers and check the

向前逆止推墊圈和檢查

readings on the dial test indicator. Permissible end-

表盤測試指示器讀數。允許結束—

float is 0,10 to 0,30 mm (0.004 to 0.012 in).

浮動是10到30毫米（0.004到0.012）。

Turn the crankcase in the build stand so that the ’A’

將曲軸箱在支架上轉動，以便“一”

bank cylinders are horizontal. Fit each of the

銀行氣缸水平。適合每一個

connecting rods, of the ’A’ bank cylinders, to their

連接桿，“一”的銀行缸，對他們的

respective crank pins, operation 13-3.

各自的曲柄銷、運營13-3。

17 When all of the ’A’ bank connecting rods have

17當所有的'一'銀行連接桿有

been fitted, turn the build stand until the ’B’ bank

已裝上，把建立架，直到'乙'銀行

cy linders are horizontal and use the same procedure

CY該是水平的，使用相同的程序

to fit the connecting rods of the ’B’ bank.

以適應'乙'銀行的連接桿。

18 Set a dial test indicator as shown (page 67/B) and

18設置撥號測試指標如顯示（頁67 /乙）和

check the end float of each big end. The permissible

檢查每一個大底的結束浮動。允許

end float is 0,2 to 0,4 mm (0.008 to 0.016 in).

端浮0,2 0.4%毫米（0.008到0.016）。

19 Ensure that the crankshaft turns freely.

19確保曲軸轉動自如。

20 Fit the lubricating oil pump, operation 19-7.

20適合的潤滑油泵，運行197。

21 For early engines, fit the sump adaptor, operation

21早期的Perkins3012發動機，安裝油底殼接頭，操作

19-3.

19-3。

22 Fit the lubricating oil sump, operation 19-1 or, for

22合適的潤滑油，操作或為19-1，

new engines, operation 19-5.

新的引擎，運行19-5。

23 Fit the timing case and the timing gears, operation

23配合正時情況及正時齒輪、操作

15-5.

15-5。

24 Fit the flywheel and the flywheel housing,

24配合飛輪和飛輪殼，

operation 22-4.

操作中可以看到。

25 Fit the fan adaptor, operation 21-10.

25安裝風扇接頭，操作21-10。

26 Remove the engine from the build stand,

26從建造支架上拆下Perkins3012發動機，

operation 16-1.

操作16-1。

To dismantle and to assemble

拆卸和組裝

1 Press down each plug (A1) of the reservoirs and

1按下每個插頭（A1）的水庫

release the circlips. Fit the remover/replacer,

松開卡環。安裝器/替代品，

27610005 (A2), on the s pigot of the plug and withdraw

27610005（A2），在插頭的Pigot和退出

the plug. Early engines are fitted with a different type

插頭。早期的Perkins3012發動機安裝有不同的型號

of plug which has a threaded hole, for these engines

對這些Perkins3012發動機有一個螺紋孔的插頭

use remove/replacer, 21825 859, together with the

使用刪除/替換，21825 859，加

slide hammer, 21825 849. Clean all the components

滑動錘，849 21825。清潔所有的部件

with a degreasing solution.

用脫脂液。

To assemble

組裝

1 Fit new ’O’ ring seals to the blanking plugs of the

1配合新的“O”環密封件的消隱插頭

reservoirs. In sequence, apply a small amount of

水庫。按順序，申請少量

’Stantyte’ lubricant or ’Morris’s liner lubricant’ around

“stantyte潤滑或潤滑油在莫里斯的襯墊

the complete circumference of each housing in the

在每個住房的完整周長

crankshaft. Press fully each plug into its housing and

曲軸。每一個插頭插入到它的外殼和

fit the circ lip into its recess in the housing. Use the

將中國保監會的唇裝進住房的凹部。使用

relevant remover/replacer to pull backward the plug

相關器/替代品后拉插頭

4 Check for damage on the front and rear faces at the

4檢查前部和后部的損壞

ends of the crankshaft. Als o check for small marks on

曲軸的末端。還檢查小標志

the circumferences which are the location faces for

這是定位面圓周

the flywheel and the pulley .

飛輪和皮帶輪。

5 If the crankshaft is usable, small marks can be

5如果曲軸是可用的，小的標記可以

removed from the journals, the crank pins, the thrust

從雜志上刪除，曲柄銷，推力

faces and the locations on the ends by the use of a

用一個面和地點在兩端

very fine grade of oil stone.

非常精細的石油石級。

Main bearings and thrust washers

主軸承和止推墊圈

against the circlip.

對卡簧。

To clean

清潔

1 Wash thoroughly the oil holes and reservoirs of the

1徹底清洗油孔和水庫

crankshaft with kerosene and dry with compressed

帶有煤油和干燥的曲軸

air. Ensure that all surfaces of the crankshaft are

空氣。確保曲軸的所有表面都是

cleaned thoroughly.

徹底清洗。

To inspect

檢查

1 Hold the shaft in suitable wooden blocks under

1在適當的木板塊下把軸抓住

main journals nos. 1 and 7. Check for crac ks in the

主要期刊編號1和7。檢查裂縫的

crankshaft, by the electro-magnetic method if

曲軸，采用電磁法

possible.

可能的。

2 Check for damage and small marks on the main

2檢查主要的損壞和小標記

journals, crank pins and thrust faces; check for ovality

期刊，曲柄銷和止推面；檢查橢圓度

the journals and crank pins. Refer to Perkins Engines

期刊和曲柄銷。指帕金斯Perkins3012發動機

Company Limited, Shrewsbury, for the instructions

什魯斯伯里有限公司，為本指令

S.R.S. 121 Issue 2 for the repair of worn or damaged

121期為2 s.r.s.磨損或損壞的修復

journals and crank pins .

期刊與曲柄銷。

3 Hold the crankshaft in ’V’ blocks under the main

3將曲軸在主的“五”塊下

journals nos. 1 and 7 and check the amount of

期刊編號1和7，檢查數量

deflection at the central main journal. The permissible

在中央主刊上的撓度。允許

amount of the deflection, which is given on page 89,

的偏轉量，這是在89頁，

must be gradual along the length of the crankshaft.

曲軸的長度必須是漸進的。

1 Remove the c rankshaft, operation 14-4.

1拆下曲軸，操作14-4。

2 Check for wear, cracks and contamination in the

2檢查磨損，裂紋和污染

surfaces of the bearings. Renew bearings as a set if

軸承表面。如果更新軸承

it is possible that a bearing will not complete a further

這是可能的，一個軸承將不能完成一個進一步的

full period of service.

全程服務。

3 Check the thickness of the thrust washers.

3檢查止推墊圈的厚度。

Nominal dimensions for new thrust washers are:

新止推墊圈的公稱尺寸：

2,93 to 3,0 mm (0.116 to 0.118 inch)

2,93至3毫米（0.116到0.118英寸）

New thrust washers must be fitted if there is wear on

新的止推墊圈必須安裝在有磨損的

the thrust fac es and also if the crankshaft has

推力面，如果曲軸

excessive end-float.

過多終漂。

Fits and clearances

配合與間隙

Crankshaft journals

曲軸軸頸

Diameter (A1)145,975 to 146,000 mm (5.7470 to

直徑（A1）145975至146000毫米（5.7470

5.7480 in)

5.7480）

Permissible worn dimensions145,910 mm (5.7445 in)

允許穿dimensions145910毫米（5.7445英寸）

Ovality - permissible worn dimensions0,076 mm

橢圓-允許穿dimensions0076毫米

(0.0030 in)

（0.0030）

Journals in main bearings – clearance0,076 to 0,145

在主軸承–clearance0076期刊0145

mm (0.0030 to 0.0057 in)

毫米（0.0030至0.0057英寸）

Crank pins

曲柄銷

Diameter (A2)97,978 to 98,000 mm (3.8574 to 3.8583

直徑（A2）97978至98000毫米（3.8574至3.8583

in)

在）

Diameter - permissible worn dimensions97,914 mm

dimensions97914毫米直徑允許磨損

(3.8548 in)

（3.8548）

Ovality - permissible worn dimensions0,076 mm

橢圓-允許穿dimensions0076毫米

(0.0030 in)

（0.0030）

Deflection of crankshaft

撓曲軸

Deflection of crankshaft (A6) when it is held in

撓曲軸（A6）時舉行

'V' blocks under nos. 1 and 7 main journals0,1000 mm

V形塊在1號和7個主要journals01000毫米

(0.0039 in)

（0.0039）

(Deflection must be gradual from outer main journals

（撓度必須是從外主要期刊逐漸的

to central main journal)

到中央主雜志）

End float of crankshaft

曲軸端浮

Width between crankshaft webs of central journal

軸頸之間的寬度

(A3)81,43 to 81,48 mm (3.2059 to 3.2079 in)

（A3）81,43到81,48毫米（3.2059到3.2079）

Width of central bearing (A4) across thrust washers

中心軸承寬度（A4）在止推墊圈

81,15 to 81,30 mm (3.1949 to 3.2008 in)

81,15到81,30毫米（3.1949到3.2008）

Clearanc e (new)0,13 to 0,33 mm (0.005 to 0.013 in)

清除率E（新）0,13到0,33毫米（0.005到0.013）

Permissible worn clearance0,483 mm (0.019 in)

允許穿clearance0483毫米（0.019英寸）

Flywheel on crankshaft

曲軸飛輪

Bore of flywheel160,000 to 160,025 mm (6.2992 to

口徑160025毫米（6.2992 flywheel160000

6.3002 in)

6.3002）

Diameter of crankshaft (A5)159,961 to 159,986 mm

直徑曲軸（A5）159961至159986毫米

(6.2976 to 6.2986 in)

（6.2976至6.2986）

Clearance (new)0,014 to 0,064 (0.0006 to 0.0026)

通關（新）0014至0064（0.0006至0.0026）